The solubility of a given solute in a given solvent typically depends on temperature. Solubility does not depend on particle size given enough time, even large particles will eventually dissolve. Under certain conditions, the equilibrium solubility can be exceeded, yielding a supersaturated solution. The term “insoluble” is often applied to poorly soluble compounds. The degree of solubility ranges widely depending on the substances, from infinitely soluble (fully miscible), such as ethanol in water, to poorly soluble, such as silver chloride in water. A solution is considered saturated when adding additional solute no longer increases the concentration of the solution. The solubility of a substance in a particular solvent is measured by the concentration of the saturated solution. The solubility of a substance fundamentally depends on the solvent used, as well as temperature and pressure. Solubility is the ability of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance (referred to as the solute) to dissolve in solvent (usually a liquid) and form a solution. solvent: the compound (usually a liquid) that dissolves the solute.solubility: the relative ability of a solute to dissolve into a solvent.solute: the compound that dissolves in solution (can be a solid, liquid, or gas).To predict whether a compound will be soluble in a given solvent, remember the saying, “Like dissolves like.” Highly polar ionic compounds such as salt readily dissolve in polar water, but do not readily dissolve in non-polar solutions such as benzene or chloroform.Temperature often plays the largest role, although pressure can have a significant effect for gases. Several factors affect the solubility of a given solute in a given solvent.Solubility is the relative ability of a solute to dissolve into a solvent. This harms aquatic ecosystems because plants and animals often cannot adapt to the acidity. Acid rain does not harm humans directly, but it can make lakes and streams more acidic. The precipitation that results from this is called acid rain. However, in some cases, pollutants in the atmosphere can contaminate water droplets before they fall to the ground. This is because sea salt does not evaporate with water. Precipitation is always fresh water, even when the water originated from the ocean. The indents on raindrops are caused by air resistance. These extra-large drops usually end up splitting into two smaller droplets. Very large rain drops (larger than 4.5 millimeters (0.177 inches)) have a huge indent and look more like a parachute. They look more like kidney beans when falling. Larger raindrops (two to three millimeters (0.078-0.118 inches) across) are also round, but with a small indent on their bottom side. In fact, smaller raindrops (ones that are approximately one millimeter (0.039 inches) across) are almost perfectly spherical. This helps water droplets gather together and become large enough to fall to the earth.Ī common misconception is that when raindrops fall, they have a teardrop shape. These particles, called “condensation nuclei,” provide a surface for water vapor to condense upon. Particles of dust or smoke in the atmosphere are essential for precipitation. As the snowflakes fall through warmer air, they become raindrops. Most rain actually begins as snow high in the clouds. These ice crystals then fall to the earth as snow, hail, or rain, depending on the temperature within the cloud and at Earth’s surface. If a cloud is colder, like it would be at higher altitudes, the water droplets may freeze to form ice. When the drops are heavy enough, they fall to the earth. Precipitation forms in the clouds when water vapor condenses into bigger and bigger droplets of water. Along with evaporation and condensation, precipitation is one of the three major parts of the global water cycle. It comes in many forms, like rain, sleet, and snow. Precipitation is any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls back to the earth.
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